Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) regulations require drivers to undergo regular medical evaluations and for motor carriers to maintain proof of medical certification in the Driver Qualification (DQ) file. The key requirement is outlined in 49 CFR §391.23(m)(1).
Key Regulation: 49 CFR §391.23(m)(1)
According to FMCSA regulations:
Medical Certification Requirement
Every driver must undergo a DOT medical evaluation by a certified medical examiner at least once every 24 months.
The examiner determines if the driver is physically qualified to operate a CMV safely.
Motor Carrier’s Responsibilities
Obtain an original or copy of the driver’s medical examiner’s certificate, issued under §391.43.
Obtain any medical variance (waiver, exemption, or skill performance evaluation) upon which the certification is based.
Verify that the medical examiner was listed on the FMCSA National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners (NRCME) as of the date the certificate was issued.
File the certificate (and variances, if any) in the driver’s Driver Qualification (DQ) file.
Enforcement Date
These verification and recordkeeping requirements have been in effect since May 21, 2014.
Additional Relevant FMCSA Guidance
Medical Examiner’s Certificate Form (MEC), MCSA-5876
This is the official certificate that drivers receive after passing a DOT physical.
It must be carried by the driver and filed by the motor carrier.
Source: FMCSA – Medical Examiner’s Certificate
National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners (NRCME)
Only certified medical examiners listed on the FMCSA registry may issue valid MECs.
Employers must verify the examiner’s listing at the time of issuance.
Source: FMCSA – National Registry
Why the Medical Certificate Matters
Ensures that all CMV drivers meet federal physical qualification standards.
Prevents motor carriers from assigning safety-sensitive duties to medically unqualified drivers.
Protects both drivers and the public by reducing risks of crashes caused by medical conditions.
Helps maintain compliance with FMCSA Driver Qualification File requirements.
Official FMCSA Regulatory Reference
49 CFR §391.23(m)(1) – Investigation and Inquiries: Medical Examiner’s Certificate
